woguodiyadianqixingyecongjiandanzhuangpei、mofangzhizaodaozixingkaifasheji,xianfazhandaojin1000gexilie,shengchanqiye1500jiazuoyou,nianchanzhiyue200yiyuanrenminbi。danguoneidiyadianqishengchanqiyeguimopianxiao、shuliangguoduo,90%yishangqiyechuyuzhong、didangcichanpindezhongfushengchan。chanpinsandaigongcun,anzhaochanzhijisuan,diyidaichanpinshichangzhanyoulvwei15%,dierdaichanpinshichangzhanyoulvwei45%,disandaichanpinshichangzhanyoulvwei40%。
贸易逆差略有回升
2008nianzhi2013nianwoguodiyadianqichanpinjinchukouwending,maoyinichazi2010nianqichengzhuniandijianqushi。2013nianmaoyinichawei19.74yimeiyuan,keyikanchu,woguodiyadianqichanpindeguojijingzhenglizaizhubuzengqiang。
2013nianwoguodiyadianqichanpinleijijinkoudadao143.4yimeiyuan,tongbixiaofuzengzhang4.74%.chukoufangmian,2013nianshou2012nianxiabannianchukoudimiyingxiang,chukouzengsuyanxu2012nianxiabanniandimitaishi,chukoue123.6yimeiyuan,tongbijinzengzhang6.99%,zengfuyu2011nianhe2012nianxiangbidafuxiajiang。
guoneishichangduigaodangdiyadianqidexuqiurengranyikaojinkou。muqianguochanzhong、didangdiyadianqizhanjuleguoneijuedabufenshichang,danguochangaodangdiyadianqichugebiechanpinkeyuguowaitongleichanpinpingfenqiusewai,dabufenchanpindeshichangzhanyoulvrengranjiaodi。
2013nianwoguodiyadianqichukoudezuizhuyaochanpinweiqitalianjieyongdedianqizhuangzhi(xianluv1000v),chukoue53.78yimeiyuan,zhanchukouzonge43.5%;lingwai,guangdaoxianweiyonglianjieqijinkoudanjiawei287.16meiyuan,erwoguochukoucileichanpindejiagezhiyou44.96meiyuan,shuomingwoguochukourengjiuyidijiadezhong、didangchanpinweizhu,gaoduanchanpindeguojijingzhenglirengyoudaitigao。
tongguochanpinfenleidechukouhaiguanshujuxianshi,woguochukoudechanpindanjiapingjunzengzhang4.62%,chukoushuliangtongbixiaofuzengzhang2.26%.youcikeyikanchu,woguodiyadianqichanpindeshengjiheyouhuajinchengjiaokuai,gaoduanjingzhengliyezaizhujianzengqiang。
woguodiyadianqidejinkoujiejin80%laiziyazhoushichang,chukouchaoguo90%defenebeiyazhou、ouzhouhebeimeizhoushichangzhanju。woguodiyadianqijinkouzhuyaolaiziyazhoushichang,zhanbi78.95%,ouzhoushichangzhanbi14.47%;chukoufangmian,yazhou、ouzhouhebeimeizhousandashichangchukouzhanbifenbiewei64%、14.27%he13.65%,chukoufenbietongbizengzhang5.12%、10.56%he9%.zhideyitideshi,2013nianwoguodiyadianqiduifeizhoudechukouchengxianchulejiaoweimingxiandezengzhang,tongbizengzhang34.12%,shuomingwoguodiyadianqiqiyezaikaituoxinxingguojishichangfangmianqudeleyixiechengxiao。
woguodiyadianqijinkouchaosanchengweichukoufujinkou,chaoguosanchenglaiziyazhoushichangderibenhehanguo。2013nianwoguocongribenhehanguojinkoudiyadianqichanpinjinefenbiexiajiang3.94%hezengzhang12.5%,jinkoushuliangtongbifenbiexiajiang3.05%heshangzhang14.52%.woguochaosanchengdediyadianqichanpinjinkouzirihan。
woguodiyadianqizhuyaodechukoushichangshizhongguoxianggang、meiguo、riben,chukouzongechaoguoquanqiuchukouyiban。ju2013nianhaiguanshujutongji,woguodiyadianqichukoushichangqiansanmingshizhongguoxianggang、meiguoheriben;2013nianwoguoduihanguohedeguodediyadianqichanpinchukouzengzhangjiaokuai,tongbifenbieshangsheng19.79%he16.95%.
diyadianqichanpinjinchukoumaoyifangshiyijiagongmaoyiweizhu,jiagongmaoyiweizengzhiwentishizaochengchukounichadezhuyaoyuanyin。
jinkoufangmian,2013nianwoguodiyadianqijinkouzhong,yibanmaoyizhanbi43.23%,tongbishangsheng17.82%;jiagongmaoyizhanbi59.37%,tongbijianshao1.16%,yuquniantongqijibenchiping。
zaiwoguodiyadianqichanpinjinkouzhong,jinliaojiagongmaoyiweizhuyaomaoyifangshi,2013nianyigaifangshijinkoueda68.64yimeiyuan,zhanquanbujinkouejiejinyiban,ertongqijiagongmaoyichukouewei59.37yimeiyuan。zheishuoming,yijinliaojiagongmaoyifangshijinkoudiyadianqichujichanpin,jingwoguojiagongmaoyiqiyejinyibushenjiagongzaichukouhou,meiyouzengzhihaijianshaole4yimeiyuanzuoyou,zheiyeshiwoguodiyadianqichanpinmaoyinichazhuyaoyuanyinzhiyi。
chukoufangmian,2013niandiyadianqichukouyibanmaoyizhanbi43.23%,tongbizengzhangle17.82%;jiagongmaoyichukouzhanbi48.02%,tongbizengzhang1.16%,qizhongjinliaojiagongmaoyichukouzhanbi44.86%.jinliaojiagongzhichengpinyoujingyingqiyewaixiaochukoudejiagongmaoyifangshiyiranshiwoguodiyadianqixingyezuidatedian;danyibanmaoyizengsujiaokuai,keyikanchuwoguodiyadianqidezhizaoshuipingheguojijingzhenglitishengdesuduzhengzaijiakuai。
diyadianqimianlinzhuduotiaozhan
diyadianqixingyekeyanyuxinchanpinyanfatourumingxianbuzu,zuaidiyadianqixingyekechixufazhan。diyadianqichanpinkuaduogexueke,shuyuzonghexing、jishumijixingzhuanye。suizhexiangguanjishu、xiangguanxincailiao、xingongyifazhandouhuiyinfaxinyidaidiyadianqidansheng,danhaixuyaoyoudaliangtouru。jutongji,guowaiyouxiuqiyezaidiyadianqixinchanpinkeyan、yanfatourushangkedadaozongxiaoshoue7%zuoyou,erwoguodiyadianqixingyepingjuntouruzaizongxiaoshoue1%~2%,youxiuqiyedayuezai3%zuoyou。
zaidiyadianqixinjishu、xinchanpinbuduanfazhanyijizhinengdianwangfazhanheanquanyongdianriyishouzhongshidedabeijingxia,ruguowoguodiyadianqixingyebujiadakeyanyuxinchanpinyanfatouru,bujiadajichugongxingjishuyanjiu,kuaisutigaoqiyezizhuchuangxinnengli,bijiangzuaiwoguodiyadianqixingyekechixufazhan,bingshiqushichangjingzhengnengli。
diyadianqizhizaochengbenshangshengshitoubukenizhuan。woguodiyadianqizhong,didangchanpinhaizaidapiliangshengchan,zheipichanpintijida,xiaohaodaliangguijinshubaiyinyijitong、heisejinshu、suliaodengcailiao。xuduocailiaoshouzhiyuguojishichangjiage,suoyidiyadianqizhuyaoyuancailiaojiagejugaobuxiadejumianshenzhijixushangshengdejumianjiangnanyigaibian。
lingwai,suizhezijinjinque、caiwuchengbenshangshengyijiyuangonggongzikuaisutigaodailairenyuanchengbentigaoyebukenizhuan。tabijiangzaochengdiyadianqishengchanlirunbuduanxiajiang,xuduoqiyeyichuyuweilihekuisunzhuangtai。tongshi,jiqiyejiadakeyan,xinpinyanfayujigaitourudailaikunnan。
guowaizhumingpinpaichongjiheguoneilongduanxingyejiarushiguoneidiyadianqiyouxiuqiyexueshangjiashuang。zaizhinengdianwangjianshezhong,guowanggongsijihenduoshejibumengengqingxiangyuwaizizhumingpinpai,jiashangguoneilongduanxingyezhijiecanyudiyadianqizhizao,shiguoneixianyouqiyebaokuoyouxiuqiyezaishichangjingzhengzhongchuyubulidiwei。
diyadianqixingyeshengchanqiyezhongduo,fangmaohejiagejingzhengyirancunzai,shiyibandiyadianqichanpinchuyuweilizhuangtai,yuanlaicengduidiyadianqixingyefazhanqizhongdazuoyongdechanpinrudw45wannengshiduanluqilirunyemingxianxiajiang。
youyudiyadianqiyanfamoshigaibiandailaikunnan,suizheshichangjingjibuduanfazhan,youyanjiusuoqiantoulianheshejixinchanpinquanxingyeshengchandegejuyichedidapo,suizhierlaideshiqiyezizhuyanfachayihuaxinchanpin。zheiyangzaochengdiyadianqineiwaibufujian,zhuyaolingbujianzhizaoshangshizhigongzuoliang,shizhifeiyongdafuduzengjia,ermeiyigefujianhuolingbujianshengchanpiliangjianshao,nanyixingchengshengchanguimo,yenanyichanshenglirun。fujianzhizaochangjijixingbugaoyejizhengjichangfazhanxinchanpindailaikunnan。
tishengpinpaijiazhihechanpinjingzhengli
muqian,diyadianqishichangsuizhedianlisheshidejiansheerzhubukuoda,jinjinianlaiguoneiwaidiyadianqixuqiupubianchuyukuozhangzhuangtai,shichangqianjingshifenkeguan。raner,guoneidiyadianqiqiyepubianquefazugoudezizhuchuangxinnengli,quefagaoduanshichangjingzhengli,suizhejiagezhanhequdaozhanyuyanyulie,guoneidiyadianqixingyequnxionghunzhandedahuanjingrijianehua。
zaijingzhengriqujiliedediyadianqixingye,“yishejitishengpinpaijiazhi,yishejibaituo"diduan"nanti”dehuyurijianqianglie。yixieyouqianzhanxingdeqiyegengshiyonggandimaichulejianshidebufa,tongguoyuzhimingshejiqiyehezuolaiquanmiantishengpinpaijiazhihechanpinjingzhengli。
zongshangsuoshu,zaifuzaduobiandeshijiejingjihuanjingzhong,woguodiyadianqijinchukoumaoyiyudaoqiansuoweiyoudejiyuhetiaozhan,yujiquannianjinkouyuqunianjibenchiping,chukouzongjinezengfuzai10%zuoyou。